SECTION A

For sections in section a, write an essay of between 500 and 800 words.

SUB - SECTION (I)

1. What have coups d'état achieved in your country?

2. What considerations do you have to take into account when choosing a career?

SUB - SECTION (II)

3. Discuss, with examples, the relationship between pure and applied sciences.

4. What measures do you suggest to deal with the rapid increase in population in your country?

SUB - SECTION (III)

5. What do you understand by "fashion"?

Why does fashion change?

6. If one of the indigenous languages in your country was to become the 'national language', which one would you strongly recommend? Give reasons for your choice.

SECTION B

7. Study the information in (i) and (ii) carefully and then answer the questions which follow.

i) An Office Manager must assign offices to six staff members. The available offices, numbered 1 - 6 consecutively, are arranged in a row, and are separated only by 1.5 metre - high dividers. Therefore, voices, sounds and cigarette smoke readily pass from each office to those on either side.

Miss Agoliama's work requires her to speak on the telephone frequently thought the day.

Mr. Lokure and Mr. Ddungu often talk to one another while they work, and prefer to have adjacent offices.

Miss Mukiibi, the senior employee, is entitled to office 5, which has the largest widow.

Mr. Ogurememe needs silence in the office(s) adjacent to his own.

Mr. Olauna, Mr. Lokure, and Mr. Ogurememe all smoke. Miss Mukiibi is allergic to tobacco smoke and must have non - smokers in the office(s) adjacent to her own.

Unless otherwise specified, all employees maintain silence while in their offices.

Questions:

a) Which office is the best location for Mr. Lokure?

b) Who would be the best employee to occupy the office furthest from Mr. Ddungu?

c) In which offices should the three employees who smoke be placed?

d) Which of the following events, occurring one month after the assignment of offices, would most likely lead to a request for a change in office assignment by one or more employees?

A) Miss Agoliama's deciding that she needs silence in the office(s) adjacent to her own.

B) Mr. Ddungu contracting laryngitis.

C) Mr. Ogurememe giving up smoking.

D) Mr. Olauna taking over the duties formerly assigned to Miss Agoliama.

E) Miss Mukiibi installing a noisy teletype machine in her office.

ii) Crime in the streets has reached truly frightening proportions. Much of the blame must go to judges who have restricted our police in the performance of their duties. Crime will not be eradicated as long as the police are prevented from taking steps they deem necessary to apprehend those who are clearly guilty of criminal conduct.

Questions:

If the statements above are true, can each of the following interferences be validly drawn? Support your answer.

e) Crime will be eradicated when restrictions on the police are removed.

f) Judges have no right to restrict the actions of the police.

g) The judges are unconcerned with the right of society to be free of crime.

8. Read the passage below and then answer the questions which follow, using your own words wherever possible.

Every society must assign ranking to its members. Among animals there are orders of status that are fought over. The strongest is the boss.

This also occurs among human beings as, for instance, in street gangs of young people. In general, though, this turns out to be impracticable since more is involved than mere muscle power. Other criteria have to be sought. Heredity plays a special role in traditional societies. The oldest son inherits the farm, the title and authority. There is wisdom in that since conflicts are avoided. Violence must not be employed to contest decisions that derive from nature itself.

In modern industrial society, with its high degree of division of labour and adaptation to rapid change, the criteria of hereditary alone again turn out to e impracticable. The fact that someone is his father's oldest son scarcely guarantees that he is not a fool who will ruin the farm, or the state. For that reason, the old 'natural' criteria increasingly seem 'unjust' and are being replaced by new and 'artificial' yardsticks.

These latter include the principle of achievement determined through competition. This can be illustrated by way of sport. A stop - watch or tape measure can be used to ascertain beyond question whoever runs fastest or jumps furthest, and whoever is the victor or the champion. It is hardly a matter of chance that competitive sports exert much great fascination.

Wherever the stop - watch and the tape measure are insufficient because intelligence or attributes of character are required for specific tasks, the gap is filled by a test. The development of tests in a diversity of forms and applications, ever more elaborated, is logical since what is required is to separate the suitable from the unsuitable, and to find the right man for the right position.

Anyone who protests and rebels, saying something like "the achievement principle is invalid sine in reality only success decides', gets entangled in contradictions. Such objections only pressurize people into making the criteria even more precise, into improving the initial opportunities for the many over the few and into further perfecting the tests. The 'tested' man demonstrates our society's striving towards justice. Is there any alternative? Should we once again give preference to the principle of inheritance, or of membership of church or party?

The problem lies else where. My thesis is that this equitable society where everyone thanks to tests gets a suitable position would be a completely in human society. After all, what becomes in such a society of people who achieve little the handicapped, the ill, the failures the old people? Even the greatest achievers must be filled with fear of not making the grade. We know that at some time we will weaken, and that each of us will succumb. Viewed in that way, the many psychological illness, depression and aggression and resort to alcohol and drugs are all too understandable.

Material provision is not enough. Even though our society could not have developed and cannot survive without the achievement principle, it also cannot remain in existence on that basis alone. The achievement principle must be complemented and balanced by a counter principle, the principle of love. That entails an incalculable and infinite value, taking precedence over and above all achievements, being man's due, every man's need.

The principle of love cannot be measured or 'proved but only believed in arguments can be brought forward on its behalf only if there exists a foundation beyond social calculations.

Taken literally, the principle of love is the consideration for the superfluous. In practical terms it appears to achieve nothing and not to be necessary. If however, our society is to remain humane or to become humane again, it is indeed the superfluous that turns out to be necessary and absolutely crucial for existence.

Questions:

a) Suggest an appropriate title for the above passage.

b) Why does the author claim that heredity is

i. Important in traditional societies,

ii. Less successful in modern societies?

c) Explain in about fifty words why the author comes to the conclusion that "the " tested" man demonstrates our society's striving towards justice"(line 28).

d) Why does the author consider that an "equitable society" fails? (line 31)

e) Give the meaning of the following words and phrase as they are used in the passage:

i. Impracticable (line 4)

ii. Muscle power (line 5)

iii. Criteria(line 5)

iv. 'artificial' yardsticks (line 13)

v. Attributes (line 20)

vi. My thesis (line 31)

vii. Complemented (line 40)

viii. Incalculable (line 41)

ix. Taken literally (line 47)

x. Superfluous (line 47)

f) In about 150 words, describe what the author says about "the principle of love".