PART 1: THE REST OF AFRICA
Answer two questions from this part.
1. a) draw a sketch map of Africa and on it, mark and name:
(i) highland areas (above 2000 metres)
(ii) plateau areas (between 500 and 2000 metres),
(iii) lowland areas (below 500 metres),
(iv) rivers: Zambezi, Niger and Nile
b) Describe the formation of the:
(i) Estuary on river Zambezi,
(ii) Delta on either river Niger or Nile.
c) Explain the problems faced by people living in the river valley areas of Africa.
d) Outline the steps being taken to solve the problems in (c) above.
2. Study figure 1: Map of Africa showing Rainfall patterns and answers the questions that follow.
MAP
a) Name the:
(i) Latitude marked 1 and 2,
(ii) Prevailing winds marked 3 and 4,
(iii) Ocean current marked 5,
b) Describe the conditions which are responsible for the rainfall pattern in region marked A, B and C.
c) Explain how the farmers' activities have been influenced by the rainfall pattern in either region marked A or region marked C.
d) Outline the problems caused by the rainfall pattern to the farmers in the area chosen in (c) above.
3. Study figure 2: Map of Nigeria showing population density and answer the questions that follow.
MAP
a) Name the:
(i) Delta marked A,
(ii) River marked B,
(iii) Towns marked 1, 2 and 3.
b) (i) What is meant by term population density?
(ii)Describe the pattern of population density shown on the map.
c) Explain the physical factors which have led to the population density pattern in (b)(ii) above.
d) Outline the problems caused by:
(i) High population density,
(ii) Low population density in Nigeria
4. Study table I below showing the annual average number of cattle for selected countries in Africa and answer the questions that follow.
Table I: Annual average number of cattle in selected countries in Africa (1982-94)
| Country | Annual average number of cattle ('000s) |
| Botswana Burkina Faso Mali Mauritania Namibia |
2,767 4,178 5,432 1,070 2,093 |
Adapted from: World Resources: (1996-97) A guide to the Global Environment: The Urban Environment; Oxford p242.
a) (i) Calculate the percentage of the cattle found in the countries of the Sahel shown in the table.
(ii)Draw a bar graph to show the information in the table.
b) Name any:
(i) Two countries where transhumance is practices,
(ii) One country where cattle ranching is dominant.
c) Describe the conditions which have led to the practice of either transhumance or ranching in any one country named in (b) above.
d) Explain the contribution of livestock farming to the economy of any one country shown in the table.
e) Outline the:
(i) Problems faced by traditional livestock farmers in any one country in Africa,,
(ii) Measures being taken by government to solve the problems in (e) (i) above.
5. Study table II below showing copper production in selected countries in Africa and answer the questions that follow.
Table II: copper production in selected countries in Africa (1995)
| Country | copper production ('000 metric tons) | percentages |
|
Democratic Rep. of Congo (Zaire) |
28,000 13,000 22,530 199,600 329,200 |
- 2.2 3.8 33.7 - |
| Total | 593,130 | 100 |
Adapted from World Resources series (1990-99) a guide to the global environment, UNDP and the World Bank.
a) (i) calculate the percentage of copper produced by Democratic Republic of Conggo (Zaire)
(ii)Draw a pie chart to show the information contained in the table.
b) Describe the processes of mining copper in either Zambia or the Democratic Republc of Congo.
c) Outline the:
(i) Environmental problems which have resulted from mining copper in the country chosen in (b) above.
(ii) Steps being taken to solve the problems in ©(i) above.
d) Explain the contribution of copper to economy of any one country show in the table.
6. a) Draw a sketch map of the Republic of south Africa and on it, mark and name :
(i) ports: Cape Town, Durban and Port Elizabeth,
(ii) railway lines: Pretoria - Cape Town and Johannesburg - Durban,
(iii) river Vaal
b) Describe the conditions which have led to the growth of either cape town or Durban as a port.
c) Explain the benefits of the port chosen in (b) above to the Republic of South Africa.
d) Outline the:
(i) Problems faced by the port chosen in (b) above.
(ii) measures being taken to solve the problems in (d)(i) above.
7. a) Draw a sketch map of California and on it mark and name:
(i) san Joaquin river,
(ii) highland areas above 300 metres,
(iii) Delta - Mendota canal,
(iv) Market gardening centres: Fresno, Sacramento and San Francisco.
b) Outline the characteristics of market gardening in California.
c) Describe the conditions which have favored market gardening in California.
d) (i) Explain the contribution of market gardening to the people of California.
(ii)Outline the problems facing market gardening in California.
8. Study table III below showing total fish catch in Canada (1985-95) and answer the questions that follow.
Table III: Canada: total fish catch ('000 metric tons)
| Year | Total fish catch |
| 1985 - 87 1987 - 89 1989 - 91 1991 - 93 1993 - 95 |
1459.6 1571.2 1575.6 1324.9 1065.3 |
Adapted from: world resources series (1990-99) a guide to the global environment: oxford UNDP and the world bank.
a) Draw a bar graph to show the information contained in the table.
b) Describe the trend of fish catch in Canada between 1985 and 1995.
c) Name any two:
(i) Fishing grounds in Canada,
(ii) Fish types caught in each of the fishing grounds named in (c) (i) above.
d) Explain the conditions which have favored fishing in any one fishing ground named in (c) (i) above.
9. Study figure 3. Map of the Great Lakes region provided below and answer the questions that follow.
MAP
a) Name the:
(i) Lakes marked A and B,
(ii) Canal marked C,
(iii) Minerals obtained from areas marked 1 and 2,
(iv) Iron and steel industrial centres marked 3, 4 and 5.
b) Describe the factors that have led to the development of iron and steel industries in the great lakes region.
c) Explain the problems resulting from the concentration of industries in the great lakes region.
d) Outline the steps being taken to solve the problems in (c) above.
REGION II: RHINELANDS
10. a) draw a sketch map of the Ruhr industrial region of Germany and on it, mark and name:
(i) rivers: Lippe and Ruhr ,
(ii) Wesel - Dattel canal,
(iii) Concealed and exposed coal fields,
(iv) Industrial centres: Duisburg, Essen and Dortmund.
b) (i) Name any three industries found in the Ruhr industrial region.
(ii)Describe the factors which have favored the development of any one industry named in (b)(i) above.
c) Explain the problems resulting from the development of large industrial centres in the Ruhr region.
d) Outline the measures being taken to solve the problems in (c) above.
11. Study figure 4: Map of the Rhine waterway and answer the questions that follow.
MAP
a) Name the:
(i) Water body marked 1,
(ii) Ports marked 2 and 3,
(iii) Rivers marked A and B,
(iv) Canal marked 4,
(v) Country marked C,
b) Describe the factors which contributed to the development of R. Rhine as an important waterway.
c) Explain the benefits of the Rhine waterway to the Rhine lands.
d) Outline the:
(i) Problems faced by Rhine waterway,
(ii) Steps being taken to solve the problems in (d)(i) above.
12. Study table IV below showing average cereal production for Belgium (19986-96) and answer the questions which follow.
Table IV: average cereal production for Belgium (1986-96)
| Year | Average cereal production (metric ton) |
|
1986 - 88 NRM |
2,211,000 2,313,000 2,213,000 2,260,000 2,468,000 |
Adapted: world resources series (1990-99)a guide to the global environment, oxford UNDP and the world bank
a) Draw a line graph to show the information given in the table.
b) Describe the:
(i) Trend of cereal production in Belgium between 1986 and 1996,
(ii) Conditions which have favored cereal production in Belgium.
c) Explain the benefits of cereal production to the people of Belgium.
d) Name any two cereal crops grown in Belgium.
REGION III: CHINA
13. Study table V below showing employment in small scale industrial establishment in china and answer the questions which follow.
Table V: employment in small scale industrial establishments in china.
| Types of industrial establishment | Number of establishments | Total number of people employed/ establishment | Percentage |
| Electrical Food manufacture Manufacture of machinery Rubber products Textile manufacture Transport and equipment |
162 458 410 845 964 109 |
7,800 9,600 6,100 31,300 71,100 13,900 |
5.6 6.9 4.4 22.4 50.8 9.9 |
| TOTAL | 2,948 | 139,800 | 100 |
Adapted from Honey bone, R.C. and Graves, N,J,North America and Asia: a geography for schools p.398
a) State the establishment with the:
(i) Highest,
(ii) Lowest average number of persons employed per establishment.
b) Draw a pie chart to show the total number of people employed per establishment.
c) Describe the conditions which have favored the establishment of small scale industries in china.
d) Explain the contribution of small scale industries to the people of china.
14. a) Draw a sketch map of china and on it, mark and label:
(i) tropic of cancer,
(ii) the south china sea,
(iii) river Yangtze - kiang,
(iv) areas with annual rainfall of
- over 1000 mm,
- 500 - 1000 mm,
- Below 500 mm,
b) Describe the factors which have influenced rainfall distribution in china.
c) Explain the effects of rainfall on agriculture in china.
d) Outline the problems faced by the farmers living in areas with rainfall total of
(i) Over 1000 mm,
(ii) Below 500 mm.
15. Study figure 5: Map of the Yangtze delta region and answer the questions which follow.
MAP
a) Name the:
(i) Rivers marked 1 and 2,
(ii) Canal marked 3,
(iii) Town marked A and B,
(iv) Railway line marked C,
(v) Plantation crop grown in areas marked D.
b) Describe the factors which have favored agriculture in the Yangtze delta region.
c) Explain the contribution of agriculture to the development of the Yangtze delta region.
d) Outline the problems faced by farmers in the Yangtze delta region.