PART A
Answer all the questions in this part, for question 1 circle the letter corresponding to the best answer. For questions 2 to 5 write all the answers in the space provided. You are advised not to spend more than 30 minutes on this part.
1. a) The differential lock mechanism in the tractor
A. enables the tractor to brake efficiency
B. allows the tractor to turn in narrow space
C. protects the tractor from being stolen
D. Connects the driving shaft to the rear wheels.
b) The rural farmers' scheme is an example of a
A. soft loan
B. character loan
C. short term loan
D. medium term loan
c) Artificial insemination is often less successful with indigenous cattle because
A. indigenous cows have short oestrus cycles
B. indigenous cows show irregular oestrus cycles
C. there are very few artificial inseminators in villages
D. Heat signs are difficult to detect in indigenous cows.
d) Which one of the following is a sign of stomach worm infestation in calves?
A. Rough skin coat
B. Increased appetite
C. Swollen lymph nodes
D. Constipation
2. a) State the importance of soil aeration.
b) The table below shows the results of an experiment carried out to determine the percentage of air in three types of soil. Study it and answer the questions that follow.
Type of soil %air bv volume
X 46
Y 25
Z 10
i) which of these types X, Y, Z would
Drain best,
....................................................................................................................................................
Be most suitable for crop answer in (i) above?
.....................................................................................................................................................
ii) Give reasons for your answer in (i) above.
iii) Suggest the identities of soil types:
X ...................................................................................................................................................
Y ..................................................................................................................................................
Z .................................................................................................................................................
3. a) State the difference between concrete and motor used in construction work on a farm.
b) Give five advantages of using wood as a consumption work on a farm.
i) .......................................................................................................................................................
ii) ......................................................................................................................................................
iii) .......................................................................................................................................................
iv) ......................................................................................................................................................
4. a) List three kinds of damage that may occur on a hide or skin during the killing and flaying of an animal.
i) .....................................................................................................................................................
ii) .....................................................................................................................................................
iii) ......................................................................................................................................................
b) Mention three operations which should be carried out on a hide or skin after flaying to ensure high quality of the hide or skin.
i) ............................................................................................................................................
ii) ............................................................................................................................................
iii) ............................................................................................................................................
iv) ...........................................................................................................................................
5. Figure 1 below shows an ox - plough. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow.
IMAGE
a) Name the parts labelled (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) and state their functions:
Part function
i) .......................................................................................................................................................
ii) ......................................................................................................................................................
iii) ......................................................................................................................................................
iv) ......................................................................................................................................................
b) Indicate with dotted lines on the diagram the position of the frog. State the function of the frog.
c) Give two reasons why the use of this implement is not widespread.
i) ......................................................................................................................................................
ii) ......................................................................................................................................................
PART B
Answer four questions including at least one from each section.
Write all your answers in the answer booklet provided.
SECTION I
MECHANISATION AND FARM MANAGEMENT
6. a) Explain why most farm tractor engines are of the diesel type.
b) Describe how you would prepare a tractor for the day's field work.
7. a) Giving examples in each case identify the uncertainties farmers face in production and marketing of their produce.
b) Explain the measures you would advise a tamer to take to guard against risks and uncertainties.
8. a) Describe how population increase can affect agricultural production.
b) What other problems are associated with population increase?
SECTION II
CROP PRODUCTION
9. a) What is soil sampling?
b) Why is it necessary for a farmer to carry out soil sampling on his/her farm?
c) Describe the procedure of obtaining a soil sample from a field.
10. Discuss the factors you would consider when choosing a crop to grow in an area.
11. Describe how you would raise a crop of maize from seedbed preparation to when the plants are at knee-height.
SECTION III
ANIMAL PRODUCTION
12. a) State the characteristics of a good quality egg.
b) Describe the management practices that a poultry farmer should carry out to produces good quality eggs.
13. a) name four livestock diseases, in each case, caused by
i) Bacteria
ii) Protozoa
iii) Viruses
b) Outline the various ways in which livestock diseases cause economic losses to a farmer.
14. a) State the precautions a farmer should take before introducing Friesian diary cows on the farm.
b) Suggest the qualities that a good stockman should have.