PART A
Answer all the questions in this part. Write all the answers in the spaces provided. You are advised not to spend more than 30 minutes on this part.
1. a) the soil free living bacterium responsible for nitrogen fixation is
A. nitrobacter
B. azotobacter
C. rhizobium
D. nitrosomonas
b) Which of the following pests may cause the loss of plant sap?
A. weevils
B. bollworms
C. termites
D. aphids
c) The pitch of a mouldboard plough provides.
A. protection for the share
B. the cutting edge
C. for the penetration of the blade into the soil
D. stability for the plough
d) In production, the cost of feeds is
A. a variable cost
B. an opportunity cost
C. a fixed cost
D. a marginal cost
2. a) Of what importance is phosphorus in plant growth and development?
(i) .........................................................................................................
(ii) .........................................................................................................
(iii) .........................................................................................................
(iv) .........................................................................................................
(v) .........................................................................................................
b) Give three ways by which plant nutrients lost from the soil can be replaced
(i) ..........................................................................................................
(ii) ..........................................................................................................
(iii) ..........................................................................................................
3. a) Figure 1, below shows the female reproductive system of a farm animal. Name the parts labelled (i) - (iv) on the diagram.
IMAGE
b) Give the functions of parts labelled (i), (v) and (vi)
(i) .........................................................................................................
(ii) ..........................................................................................................
(iii) ..........................................................................................................
4. Give five reasons why private ownership of land is more beneficial to a farmer than communal land ownership.
(i) ...........................................................................................................
(ii) ...........................................................................................................
(iii) ...........................................................................................................
(iv) ...........................................................................................................
(v) ...........................................................................................................
5. Figure 2, below shows the cylinders in a four stroke diesel engine of a farm tractor with the firing order 1-3-4-2. Study the figure and answer the questions that follow.
IMAGE
a) In the spaces provided name the stroke occurring in each cylinder.
b) Indicate on the diagram the direction of movement of the piston in each cylinder.
c) Indicate the positions of the valves in each case.
PART B
Answer four questions, including at least one from each section. Write all your answers in the answer booklets provided.
SECTION I
MECHANISATION AND FARM MANAGEMENT
6. a) Outline the importance of keeping good farm records.
b) Using the information below, draw up a balance sheet for Mr. Mkulima's farm business as at 31st December, 1991.
Cash at hand shs12,000
Account payable 38,700
Debtors 31,000
Bank balance 38,000
Taxes 84,000
Livestock and crops 450,000
Land 2,500,000
Bank overdraft 65,000
Machinery 95,000
Loan 500,000
7. a) Name four components of the transmission system of a tractor and give one function of each one.
b) How would you care for a tractor battery to ensure that it lasts a long time?
8. a) What is the importance of fences in farm management?
b) Outline the steps followed in erecting a wire fence.
SECTION II
CROP PRODUCTION
9. a) Define crop rotation.
b) What factors are considered when planning a crop rotation programme?
c) Plan a rotation programme for the following crops: sorghum, cotton, cowpeas, cassava and millet.
10. a)What is soil pH?
b) Describe a simple experiment you would perform to determine the pH of a given soil sample.(use of pH meter not expected)
c) How can favourable pH for crop growth be maintained?
11. a) Outline the qualities of a good pasture.
b) Explain how you would establish and maintain a good pasture stand.
SECTION III
ANIMAL PRODUCTION
12. a) Outline the symptoms of east coast fever and new castle diseases.
b) How could disease outbreak on a farm be prevented?
13. a) Describe the care you would take of an in-calf cow up to the time of delivery.
b) Why must colostrums be fed to the new born calf?
14. a) How does a pig digest its food?
b) Why does a pig need other feedstuffs apart from grass only?